A Review Paper on Sustainable Construction and Recycling of Road Materials in India

Abstract

Sustainable construction practices and the recycling of road materials are gaining significant attention globally, particularly in developing nations like India. With rapid urbanization and increased infrastructure demands, the consumption of raw materials for road construction has resulted in significant environmental challenges, including resource depletion, energy consumption, and waste generation. This review paper critically examines the current practices, advancements, and challenges in sustainable road construction in India, focusing on the utilization of recycled materials such as recycled asphalt pavement (RAP), waste plastic, fly ash, and construction and demolition waste. By reviewing over 60 research studies, theses, and reports, this paper identifies the key materials, methods, and technologies employed in India for road recycling. It also highlights lifecycle assessments, energy savings, and environmental benefits associated with sustainable road construction practices. Furthermore, it discusses policy frameworks, technical constraints, and future opportunities to promote green construction in India. The findings indicate that adopting sustainable materials in road construction can significantly reduce environmental impact and align with India’s sustainable development goals. However, to fully leverage these benefits, enhanced policy support, technological innovation, and public awareness are necessary. This paper serves as a foundational guide for stakeholders in the Indian construction industry to promote sustainable practices in road development.